PURPOSE: To raise up an airframe wihout troubles when the takeoff of an aircraft while reducing flight resistance by drawing in variable wings during flight, by providing the aircraft with the variable wings, which freely extend along tail planes with minimum area suffiicient for flight.

CONSTITUTION: Portions shown by hatching in tail planes 2, 2, which are projected in a left and right symmetrical shape from a rear drum 1 of an aircraft and have the minimum area sufficient for flight, are extended to the rear or the side by means of actuators 4 only when takeoff, and the areas of the tail planes necessary for takeoff are integrally maintained with the tail plane 2 while being provided with a variably wing 3 or 3' that makes flight resistacne minimum by drawing in the wing when flight. Consequently, since the wing area of the tail plane 2 is expanded when takeoff in this manner the efficiency of the raising-up of an airframe becomes large and takeoff can easily be done, thus resulting in the minimum of the flight resistance during flight, then improving flight performance .