To provide an inexpensive aligning and fixing device which can align and securely fix an optical element within an angle range of ≤180° to a screw movement axis.

The aligning and fixing device which aligns the optical element 40 by a 1st frame body 50 holding the optical element 40 in a 2nd frame body 6 and adjusting the position relation between the 1st frame body 50 and 2nd frame body 60; and one or plural 1st adjusting members 80a and 80b are threadably engaged with one or plural places of the 2nd frame body 60 so that the members penetrate the frame body from outside, and one or plural 2nd adjusting members 70 are threadably engaged with one or plural places that do not overlap with the movement axes of the 1st adjusting members 70 so that they penetrate the frame body from outside. Then through holes 53 and 62 are formed in the 1st and 2nd frame bodies 60 and 70 on the axes of the backward movement of the 2nd adjusting members 70 respectively and the respective adjusting members are arranged so that the maximum angle αamong the angles of the movement axes of the respective adjusting members is ≤180°.