To provide an on-board trouble management device of an engine for an aircraft capable of recording trouble data during flight when the trouble is generated during flight and optimally coping with the trouble during flight on board the aircraft effectively utilizing failure data, the maintenance record or the like of the engine and another engine.

The on-board trouble management device of the engine for the aircraft is provided with an on-board failure detection means 12 installed on the aircraft and detecting abnormality data from operation data of respective parts of the engine; an on-board two-way communication means 14 for transmitting the detected abnormality data to the ground and receiving a failure countermeasure information from the ground; an on-ground two-way communication means 16 receiving the abnormality data from the on-board and transmitting the failure countermeasure information; and an on-ground information management means 18 for accumulating the abnormality data on a failure data base and preparing the failure countermeasure information based on the failure data base.