To provide a body tilting control system and a saddle riding type vehicle equipped with the same having a pair of running members at least in either of the front and the rear and capable of suppressing an excessive tilt of the vehicle body while tilting of the body is allowed.

The body tilting control system is equipped with a supporting mechanism to support a pair of wheels to be vertically movable with respect to the body, a resistance giving mechanism 50 to give the supporting mechanism a resistance against the vertical movements of the pair of wheels, a gyro-sensor 83 to sense the tilt of the body, an acceleration sensor 85, and a control part 90 which, sets on the basis of the sensing result of the sensors 83 and 85, the resistance of the resistance giving mechanism 50 to a first resistance when the tilt amount of the body exceeds a first angle, and sets the resistance of the resistance giving mechanism 50 to a second resistance smaller than the first resistance when the tilt amount of the body is at the first angle or less. This can favorably inhibit the vehicle body from tilting in excess of the first angle.