To provide a document holder which enables information on a document to be properly grasped in a detailed manner, and a document management system which can manage the document by using the document holder.

A transportable binder X for detachably holding the document with an attached radio tag T, is equipped with: a scanner part 12 for reading a document ID from the radio tag T, attached to the held document, by radio; a data storage part 16 for storing the document ID which is read by the scanner part 12; a control part 11 for controlling the timing of reading by the scanner part 12 and storage thereof in accordance with the result of detection by an opening/closing detection part 14 of an external facing part 5 of the binder X and an opening/closing detection part 15 of a holding part 6 for the document; and a communication part 17 etc. which receives a response request signal by radio from an external device, and outputs information on the document ID in the data storage part 16.