To provide the dynamic diffracting element which makes it possible to freely set the diffracting direction of an electromagnetic wave and can greatly be varied in diffraction degree and diffraction angle.
A mirror 11 is constituted by arraying mirror raw elements 12 which have flat reflecting surfaces in two dimensions and each mirror raw piece is equipped with a driving part which drives the mirror raw element at right angles to the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface 11a of the mirror 11 is made uneven by driving the mirror raw elements 12 to diffract a reflected electromagnetic wave. For a driving part, PZT is used. The driving part can be constituted so that a fixed member forming a space closed with the mirror raw piece, liquid charged in the space, and a heater which heats and vaporizes the liquid are provided and the mirror raw piece 12 is driven by volume variation of the space by the vaporization of the liquid.
OTOSHI YUICHIRO
SATO AKIRA
TAKAHARA HIROSHIGE
TAKAMA MASAAKI
OCHI KEIZO
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