To provide a file management system, a file management device, a file management method and a file management program, capable of efficiently managing the operation history of an electronic file.

The device 30 includes a file-acquiring unit 31a for acquiring the enciphered electronic file; an information-acquiring unit 37 for acquiring user information expressing a user using the device 30 operated for the electronic file, and a file-adding unit 38 for enciphering the user information which is to be added to the enciphered electronic file.

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