To provide a new method for synthesizing an acetylene alcohol.

This method for synthesizing an optically active acetylene alcohol represented by a general formula 1 (R is a 1-10C linear or branched chain alkyl group or a 3-6C cycloalkyl group) comprises a reaction for obtaining HC≡CCH.R.OMgCl by reacting an acetylene Grignard reagent with an aldehyde, a reaction for obtaining a racemic isomer of acetylene alcohol by hydrolyzing the resultant compound with ammonium chloride and a process for optically resolving the racemic isomer. In the synthetic method, the optical resolution is preferably carried out by using a liquid chromatography.