To provide a powdery particle material treatment system capable of efficiently removing an obstruction substance such as a water soluble component or heavy metals from a powdery particle material while simplifying equipment to reduce the amount of washing water, and a powdery particle material treatment method.

The powdery particle material treatment system is equipped with a fine particle material solid-liquid separation means 4 for subjecting the fine particle material and washing wastewater, which are discharged from a wet sorting means 2 for sorting the powdery particle material into the fine particle material and a medium particle material larger than the fine particle material in particle size, to solid-liquid separation treatment, a first circulating route 3 for returning the washing wastewater, which is subjected to the solid-liquid separation treatment by the fine particle material solid-liquid separation means 4, to the wet sorting means 2 as washing water, a second circulating route 7 for returning the washing wastewater, which is discharged from a rewashing means 5 for rewashing the medium particle material, to the rewashing means 5 as washing water, a novel water supplying route 8 for supplying novel water to the rewashing means 5, a washing wastewater supplying route 9 for supplying a part of the washing wastewater, which is discharged from the rewashing means 5, to the first circulating route 3 as washing water and a defoaming means 6 for defoaming the foams produced in the washing wastewater in the second circulating route 7.