To provide a station side apparatus and an UP direction communication method of a PON system for simply and quickly establishing synchronization for UP link transmission rates in the PON system wherein a plurality of kinds of the transmission rates are present for a terminal.

In a station side apparatus 1 for configuring the PON system with the terminal connected via an optical fiber 5 and managing the terminal, a control signal processing section 104 provides the grant of UP link communication to the terminal. A next reception burst discrimination section 106 stores transmission rates of a plurality of kinds in the UP direction used by the terminal and particularizes time of receiving a signal in the UP direction and its transmission rate on the basis of the grant. A light receiving section 109 and a PON side reception section 107 make its reception function correspond to the particularized transmission rate in matching with the time and receive the signal in its state.

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