The present invention relates to a rotary machine the piston rotor of which with changeable outer radius rotates tightly in a rounded cylinder; in another, co-axial cylinder which opens into the former, there rotates a secondary rotor synchronized in the piston rotor. During the characteristic stage of function of the machine the sealing point of the sealing between the piston rotor and the secondary rotor exists in the same point in the secondary rotor.

When considering the invention as a compressor the piston compressors from the existing compressors are of the kind in which pistons reciprocate in their cylinders. That is why piston compressor has many weaknesses. The reciprocating movement of its pistons and connecting rods wastes energy. Shaking is also a problem and to the bearing has to be paid special attention because ofthe reciprocating masses. Manufacturing of the crankshaft which converts the reciprocating movement of the pistons into the rotation is also relatively expensive. The weaknesses of the other existing compressors are in different types of compressors for example the dependency between the rate of volume and the counterpressure, low efficiency with partial loads, spillages, poor adjustability and the wearing away of the lameIs in the lamel compressors.

Rotary compressors have many theoretically possible constructions which are in many respects better than that of the piston compressor. There are many differences between the present invention and the rotary machines which have curved portions with epitrical form. Merely the fact that the rotors of the rotary machine according to the invention rotate to the same direction is enough to separate it from the previously mentioned type of the rotary machine. Compared to the rotary machine ( US P 4 022 553 ) the biggest difference is that in the machine according to the invention

the sealing point of the sealing between the piston and the secondary rotor exists in the same place in the secondary rotor during the stage of compression or working, which means that the sealings can be placed on that point when needed. Simultaneously the radius of the chamber separating portion of the secondary rotor is constant along the portion which separates the whole chamber, when the harmful space - the volume of the aperture of the slide - is very small.

The main purpose of the present invention is to contribute a new rotary machine for use in pneumatics and hydraulics which has a simple and practical construction, has few moving parts, is cheap and can be lubricated and cooled easily with the known methods, has few portions exposed to wearing away, and the portions of which are easily to be changed also partially. Remarkable improvement is achieved with the present invention compared to the existing compressors. To carry this into effect the machine according to the invention is characterized in what is described in the characteristic part of the claim 1.

The invention has many advantages compared to the present compressors. There is no reciprocating movement of the pistons and connecting rods of the normal piston compressor, i.e. the mechanical efficiency is improved. The machine has also steadier running than the piston compressor and it also needs no base. Also the adjustibility is good. As constructional advantage can be pointed out the fact that the piston rotor is easy to balance. The machine is also simplier and cheaper to manufacture than the piston compressor. Further, it has for example neither a crankshaft nor connecting rods.

In pneumatic use the invention has still some remarkable advantages compared to the present machines. The harmful space - the volume of the aperture of the slide - is very small or remarkably smaller than that of the equivalent piston compressor which has notable importance especially

concerning high pressure ratios. The straining of the bearings is also small concerning particularly those of the secondary rotor if the compressor has two piston rotors and one secondary rotor in co-action. In addition, the machine has no leakages because it is to be entirely tightened.

The invention will now be described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a longitudinal section along the line E-E from the pneumatic application of the invention, Figure 2 is a section along the line F-F of the figure 1.

Figures 1-2 describe the basic construction of the invention as a compressor which especially well applies to the handling of the high pressurized intermediate substance. It is constituted of the shafted 2 piston rotor 1 with changeable outer radius, which rotates in a rounded cylinder 5, the point of the maximum radius of the piston rotor functioning as a sealing surface 9 between the piston rotor 1 and the cylinder 5. In the other co-axial cylinder 11, which opens to the cylinder 5, rotates to the piston rotor synchronized secondary rotor 3 - the axis 4 of which rotates in the case of the figure 1 half a revolution while the piston rotor 1 rotates a whole revolution. The sealing point 12 of the secondary rotor performs the sealing between the piston rotor 1 and the secondary rotor 3 during the stages of suction and compression. The edges of the rotors function as the sealing point of the edge 24. In the figures there is also marked the suction space 17 into which the air flows from the suction opening 7. The rotors 1, 3 and the cylinder 5 separate the chamber 16 from the suction space 17.

In the beginning the point of maximum radius in the piston rotor 1, which is simultaneously the sealing surface 9 of the cylinder 5, is at the point of the suction opening 7 and the secondary rotor 3 is in the position where its other portion of the sphere with constant radius is open to the chamber 16. In the secondary rotor 3, which is shaped

so that it is not in the way of the piston 1 during any stage of the rotary process, exists the sealing point 12, which functions during the stage of compression or working as a sealing point between the piston and the secondary rotor 1,3, which is possible with the right choice of the mutual storage of the cylinders 5, 11 and the height, length and shape of the cam 6 of the piston rotor. Then the rotors 1, 3 rotate at constant speed, when synchronization can be performed for example using gearing. Additionally the sealing points of the edges of the secondary rotor perform the sealing of the cylinder 11.

The rotors 1, 3 begin to rotate clockwise, then air begins to compress in the suction space of the cylinder 16 and new air begins to flow to the suction space 17 of the cylinder 5. During the whole stage of compression the constant radius of the sphere of the secondary rotor functions as one boundary surface of the chamber and as a sealing surface between the secondary rotor 3 and the cylinder 11. Simultaneously the secondary rotor 3 moves away from the way of the cam 6. At the moment when the needed pressure ratio is obtained the opening 21, which is situated on the edge of the cylinder 5, opens into the chamber 16, when the aperture 22 on the edges of the secondary rotor rotates to the point of the aperture 21. Then the pressurized intermediate substance is removed from the aperture until the maximum radius of the piston rotor is at the point of the secondary rotor and the aperture 21 is closed by the edges of the secondary rotor 3. The length of the sealing surface 9 of the piston rotor 1 is at least the same as the lengthof the aperture so that pressurised intermediate substance will not flow back from the backside of the piston rotor 1, but now the piston rotor 1 closes the opening 22 for the time needed. There is a sealing point 12 in the machine for the sealing between the piston rotor 1 and the secondary rotor 3. The sealing point of the edge 24 is on the edges of the rotors.

Many details of the example described above can naturally be performed in many other ways. For example the rotary slide can be combined to the axis of the piston and be placed outside the cylinder 5. The cam 6 can also have the portion corresponding the expansion part when needed. Some other applications of the invention are for example pump, vacuum pump, fan, and also pneumatic and hydraulic motor and pressurized washer.

The foredescribed applications of the invention are explained only to illustrate the invention and do not make any restrictions, as the details which are not necessary for one to understand the invention have been excluded because of clarity. These details are for example cooling channels, gearings, sealings and the bearings of the shafts. The invention is not restricted to foredescribed constructions but it consists everything which is among the area of the following claims.