RESEN STEENSTRUP PER (DK)
RESEN STEENSTRUP JENS (US)
CHRISTIANSEN KIM (DK)
NIELSEN MOGENS OESTERGAARD (DK)
| DE3635364C2 | 1989-07-13 | |||
| US4766575A | 1988-08-23 | |||
| US4156863A | 1979-05-29 | |||
| US4004266A | 1977-01-18 | |||
| EP0031614A1 | 1981-07-08 | |||
| DE2603570B2 | 1978-05-18 | |||
| GB2128331A | 1984-04-26 |
| 1. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 as 23) with reduced sound distortion acoustics (16, 18, 19 and 22"), which electronic and with narrow close laying and mutual optimum fitted single crystals (2) for finally echo receiving (7 as 8) and close (8) drawing sonar signal (8) as matter of picturing (13) can be shown as a "real picture" (13), which is close on the reality, and moreover in the same time can be shown in "real time" (14), c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of, to have means (16, 18, 19 as 22"), which acoustic optimum isolate every single narrow sonar crystal (2) especially piezocrystal from oven as from unknown echos, and that also mechani σal as electronic connections here acoustic would be isolated from here (22"), and that further every single crystal (2) mutual acoustic/ electronic in the matter of noise as in the matter of sound in output including the matter of the free oscillations indicatedin "KHz" further mechanical would be fitted and choosen prior to narrow tolerances, as an exampel prior to 100,1 % , and that also the breadth for the single crystal (2) and respec¬ tively the length of the gathered total crystal row (1) has been fittet prior to similar narrow tolerances. |
| 2. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a t e r i s t i c of, that all electrical connections to every crystal (2) as the total crystal row (1) are acoustic own isolated, understanding so, that the sound acoustic can not be transmitted via the single electric connection of the conductor (2), and where this ideal as an example can be establish via twisting (20") or " designing as spiral springs" (20") and "loosehanging" of all electric conductors (20) to and from every single sonar crystal (2). |
| 3. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a t e r i s t i c of, that the sonar row (1) can exist of an acoustic optimal isolated (16,18 as 19) crystal row (1) with extreme narrow crystals (2) especially piezocrystals (2) as an example from about 0,56 millimeters in the width and ideal 2 millimeters, and where the sonar row (1) optimal in the matter of the effect as in the matter of the signal (3, 7 as 8) can be constructed of 80114 sonar crystals (2), respectively in a straightline row (1) as in an arched row (1). And at an arc (1) ideal on a size between 90360 grades, however specially ideal according the present example on the invention with an arc on 170 grade, and with a radius from 75150 millimeters. |
| 4. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of, that there to the acoustic isolation (16) against the sides between every sonar crystal (2) ideal as an example can be choosen material (16) corresponding to properties as "dry cork", which is not electrical conducting, but which in the matter of sound isolate, and which in the matter of strength is elastic, but still in the same time is stiff enough to be able to could swing back to its original position, and where the direction of the fibres in the cork (16) ideal can be so, that they gone perpendicular to the side of every mutual lateral sonar crystal (2), and where ideal in the same time the acoustic isolating (16) are used to the correct tolerance of the mutual position of the single sonar crystals (2), as an example by the glued isolating (16) on the side are going be grinded on the measure, as an example in an acute angle (beta), which ideal for the example of the embodyment of the invention can be on 1,5 degrees corresponding to formation of the final assemble arc of a circle of the sonar crystal (1) on 170 degrees. |
| 5. | Fig. |
| 6. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a s t i r i s t i c of, that the house of the sonar (21) or the shell (21) can be made unmagnetic and seawather teight, with ideal all control electronic (22) in the house (21) acoustic as electric noisesubdue from especially the sonar row (1) including with optimale short electric connection to and from the sonar row (1), and with further as an example ideal only one videocable (23) and plug from the sonar unit (1, 21, 22 and 23) to a TVsreen (13). |
| 7. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a s t i r i s t i c of, that the acoustic as the electronic deaden sonar row (1) can made a "real picture" (13) as shown in "real time" (14) via a successive running (6), scanning (3) and receiving ( 7 and 8) group crystals (5) on between 4060, however here ideal on 55 pieces (5) of the total crystal row (1), and that further the electronic sender frequency (3) for this ideal can be between 350 600 KHz, where a sender frequency (3) on 455 KHz accor¬ ding to the embodyment of the present invention on account of ideal economic choosen of component is to be prefered. |
| 8. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a s t i s t i c of, that the arch acousticas electronic deadned sonar row (1) in the process of the scanning (7 as 8), special¬ ly where it listen (7 as 8) on the echo (7) for a "real picture" (13 as 14) making, electronic can converted the recieving signal (7) at a procedure of time delaying, so that the listning group (5) of crystals (5) on between 4060 belonging crystals (5) here as special group unit (5) on ideal 55 pieces electronic has been perceived (10) as a right line (10' ) crystal row (10 as 5), and that besides this group (5) continuous to (6) the whole row of the crystal (1) are scanning (7 as 8) with a continuous running (6) group jump (4) on ideal one sonar crystal (2 as 4) at a time. |
| 9. | High effective maritime sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i ¬ s i c of, that the sonar equipment (1, 21, 22 and 23) can be used as multi beam echosounder and testequipment for especially vertical mounting pointed against the sea bottom, and where " the real sonar picture" (13) for the profile of the bottom can be superposed (11') by a calculated and analysed profile of the bottom, which then ideal as an example in•the same time can be marked via light dots (11') over or under the "real picture" (11,13 and 14), and that this test can be made in "real time" (14) or on about 1/30 second. |
The invention concern a high effective maritime sonar equipment, with reduced noise distortion acoustics as electronics, and with narrow tight laying singel crystals for a final recieved close draw sonar signal as matter of picture is close on the reality.
Hitertho there are known equipment according to the Norwegian patent description no. 14.20.54, which has a circulary row of sonars on 360 degrees, with a diameter on 500 millimetre, and where the optimical obtained number of crystals are laying on about 30 pieces, with a width each on 50 millimetres in the front of the sender, and where the crystals mutual "only" are laied with plain interspaces. The system has here only few numbers of crystals to be able to get so few changeable circuits as possible to be able to avoid noise. And its optimal working area-or distance is laying on 4,5 meter. The system is very rough made, and it will therefore on large distance as an example from 10-100 meter be unserviceable, because the side noise from the mutual laying crystals and the mutual laying electronic would destroied and polluted the primary echo-signal in the shown embodyment, and further would the shown sonar picture be with too big echo jump on account of the few number of crystals. As an example would there in an arch on 110 degrees only could be 10 crystals, where the present invention according to our patent description has about 100 crystals laying, and this even on a smaller diameter.
Hitherto one has also known equipment according to another Norwegian patent description no. 160.815, but where this equipment shows a retarded and a follow-up signal of echo, which after this has been shown as a
perceived signal and an average calculated profile of the bottom of the earlier over sailed sea-bottom. The system measure the bottom echo with a movable and turnable equipment or a sonar-row. And compared with that the boat is sailing forward, and that the sonar in the same time is turning, then give the maximal obtain results of measuring a very large possibility for in¬ dication of error and error recieved echos. The system has a very large factor of error in the profile of the picturing, in the same time with that the signal has been shown time displaced. The system shown the picturing draw incorrectly, and it is here only , as for the earlier Norwegian patent description, relative data there here can be obtained and can be seen.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a high effective maritime sonar equipment of this in the beginning mentioned kind, which even by use of many sonar crystals, but in the same time via an effective op- timixing and reducing of the acoustic as the electric noise, allow the sonar both to be able to work undistrub- ed over large scanner distance in maritime surroundings, in the same time with that the equipment on account of its electronic control also can work by showing of "real time" and "real contour" of an area of a scanner of an echo picture as an example the bottom of the sea. And this even under sailing and movable hanging as an example- via on a boat.
According to the invention this has been obtained by that the sonar equipment of the beginning mentioned kind and characteristic of, that this has means as acoustic are isolat every singel sonar crystal especially piezo- crystal from own - as from strange echos, and that mechanic as electronic connections here and from, acoustic are isolated.
Further would every single sonar-crystal in proportion to the other and moreover mutual acoustic as electronic according to the noise as the sound in "output/effect" indicated in "KHz", mechanic be fitted and be selected to extreme narrow limit as an example from 10-0,1 % of the crystal frequency as limit of breadth.
The manner of working of the high effective sonar equipment would shown, when an echo-picture has been received and reproduced with generally absolute data of picturing. Compared to that the echo-picture not essentially would be distubed of unknown signals. For the first because the side signals have been subdued essen¬ tial. Beyond this would every single crystal in relation to the other crystals , be placed with a mutual small tolerance, but also with an in the same time compound tolerance in relation to the whole crystal row. And this caused that the single signals in the assembled section spot or scanning impulse, would be extreme identical in relation to the next running section spot.
There has been obtained by this that the treatment of signal in the same time according to the power or the niveau as regards to the signal/noise/-ration would be homogenous. And the angle of the scanning and the signal producing and the receiving would for this be able to drawn an undistort picture of the echo of the sonar target, seen further both in "real time" and as "real picture".
A special embodyment of the sonar equipment according to the invention would be, when all electric connections to every crystal as the total crystal row acoustic have been own-isolated, understanding in such a way that the sound not acoustic can be transmitted via the single electric connection of the wire.
This can be establish ideal as an example via twisting or
springing designing as loos hanging of all electric wires to and from every single sonar crystal.
In this way obtain so sound-dead transmission sources from all electric wires to and from every single sonar crystal.
In another embodyment, then can the sonar-row exist of an acoustic optimal isolated crystal row with extreme narrow crystals ' especially piezo-crystals. And where the sonar- row optimal in effect as in signal can be compound of 80- 114 sonar crystals, respectively in a straight line as in an arch row. And ideal in an arch between 90-360 degrees, however specially ideal on 170 degrees with a radius ideal from 75-150 millimeter. Further and primary there has been obtained that the picture as earlier mentioned can be drawn in respectively "real time" and as "real picture" or as an absolute "echo-picture-relief". The picture can ideal as an example be shown in a real section of the picture on 90 degrees, where all dimen- sions on or in the whole picture are in the same scale.
In another further embodyment, then can the sonar row work via a succecive running scanning and recieving group of crystals between 40-50. And the crystal row depending on the range can ideal work within 1/30 second for reproduction in "real time" of the reproduce "real picture".
The electronic sender frequency would ideal be lain between 350-600 KHz, where a special ideal electronic sender frequency on 455 KHz according to the component would be prefered.
One obtain by this, that the scanner picture can be seen direct and in undistort "outline" or as "relief-echo" as the reality is in the moment of the scanning.
Favourable modified embodyments of the invention appear
of the sub-claims.
The invention is explained more specified in the fol¬ lowing refering to the figure-drawings, where
Fig.l shows a sonar crystal row as transmitter or sender,-
Fig.2 shows a partiel group in the sonar crystal row as reciever,
Fig.3 shows the partiel group in the sonar crystal group, electronic modified to a plane group unit,
Fig.4 shows the signal of the picture in parallel screen-strips,
Fig.5 shows an arched sonar crystal row, with a side tolarance fitted to acoustic isolating,
Fig.6 shows an acoustic mechanical disconnection, with electric mutual single crystals, and
Fig.7 shows a sonar-box, with arched front sonar crystal row and belonging controlling electronic enclosed unmagnetic and sea-water-tight.
Fig.1 shows a sonar crystal row as sender 3 and 9, where the acoustic isolated crystal row 1 is compounded of identical choicen and tolerance fitted single narrow crystal units 2 especially few millimeters wide and especially made of piezo-electrical material. The sonar crystal row 1 is ideal made as a half-arch 1 in an angle between 90-360 degrees, however here ideal and optimum on about 170 degrees, to be able to obtain a reasonable wide
electronic fan-panning 9, where especially the sound speed in wather not would have any influense on the placing of the single beams 3, and in the same time with the arch 1 with reasonableness for the optimale measuring precision, elctronic via especially its received echo- signals 8 can be transformed to an exact straight line crystal row 10, so that the absolute data of the echo- picture 11 as 14 within sured tolerances can be obtained.
Fig.2 shows a sonar-row 1 in position of listen 8 for the sent 3 and by this received echo 7 as 8, received 8 and transformed 10 specially for electronic formation of a straight line receiving front 10 or crystal row 10, by ideal to listen successive 7 as 6 with specified groups 5 in the total crystal row 1, where the number of section- crystals in the group of the listening 5 in the present embodyment ideal can be on about 40-55 pieces, and where the operation of listning 7 in the same time electronic changes 6 as 4 or run 6 over the whole crystal row 1, and in the matter of time with ideal one continuous 6 crystal step 4 at a time, within a totally in the matter of the time ideal one micro-second, valid in the matter of time and optimal for absolut data for the whole crystal row 1, and constant with the same multitude group successive removing 5 listning crystals 5 as an example 55 pieces through 6 or by 6 the whole sonar row 1.
Fig.3 shows a partiel echo-listning group 5 in the sonar crystal row 1, modified 10 electronic to a straight line 10' listning group unit 10 as 5, and how there succesive 4 electronic has been displaced or has been run 6 along the whole sonar crystal row 1. The purpose with the electronic modifying 10 is finally to obtain a "real picture" 14 as 13, which is not been distort, as data 11 as 14 in the matter of time as in the
matter of the picture 13 would be absolutely and not relative.
The system 5, 8 and 10 works like so, that the joint section group crystals 5, electronic have been modified 10 to convert the group crystals 5 to a straigth line group 10, by electronic to delay the signal 8 or the echo 8 at the center line 7, like that this is going perpen- diculary 10' to the electronic made straight line 10 group of crystals 5.
Fig.4 shows the signal of the picture 12 in parallel screen strips 11, with displaced or partly time displaced picture signals 11' . These have been converted via electronic to a real natural positon picture 14 shown absolut, and seen under a sonar angle "alfa" betwen 60- 360 degrees, however ideal especially on 90 degrees, where the pictures 13 as 14 correspond to that the scanned objects has been seen 7 as 8 of a plan total sonar crystal row 1 as 10. Where the picture 13 is shown absolut in the same scale of area, and where the moment for the looking generally match to "real time", and not as all other scanning systems with an essential displace¬ ment of time of historical pictures or echos.
Fig.5 shows a section of the sonar crystal row 1 with crystals 2 with acoustic isolating 16 on its sides 16 as on the back 18 as 19. And where the sonar crystal row 1 of crystals 2 in the front 17 are procted of air free or evacuated and wathertight polymer 17 as an example especially polyuretan.
Against the sides 16 between the crystals 2 are there mounted sound deaden material 16, which as an example cork 16, which is glued on every single crystal 2. After this the cork 16 has been precision grinded in ideal a specefic angle "beta" especially 1,5 degrees to be able to obtain, that the single crystals 2 fitted 1 with
acoustic filler 16 give the totally sonar crystal row 1 as a unit, where respectively the single crystals 2 as the whole unit 1 are fitted to an exact measured signal treatment 3 as 8 to reproduc of an absolute "real picture" 13 as 14, and in "real time" of this in the same time observed 7 via the sonar unit 21.
Fig.6 shows a mechanical and acoustical made mutual uncoubling 20", where the single crystals 2 with the same means 20 further also mutual can be electronic fitted 20, as one have spiral winded 20" the electrical conductor 20, in the same time as it 20 is hung loose or untight between the mutual connected crystals 2 as a whole 1. The acoustic twisted construction 20" of a conductor of metal 20 cause that sound 3 as 7, which has been tried to be transmitted acoustical throug the conductor 20 would die or cease before it reach the opporsite fixing 2. And especially when one in the same time look after that the twisted conductor 20 come to hang loose and not streched between the fixing points 2 or here the single lateral laying crystals 2.
Fig.7 shows a sonar box 21, with the sonar crystal row 1 and the belonging controlling electronic 22 encapsulated 21 ideal un-magnetic as sea wather-teight. The system 1, 21, 22 and 23 can be made so, that it 1, 21 as 22 is a finished sonar-unit 21 with controlling electronic 22 there only shall be connected via a cable 23 and a plug to a TV-screen, for direct seeing of an absolute picture 13 seen in "real time" and as a "real picture" 13.