To provide a catalyst suitable for producing an unsaturated alcohol and a process for efficiently producing the unsaturated alcohol from both terminal diols.

It was found that only one hydroxyl group of both terminal diols can be made to perform a dehydration reaction using cerium oxide as the catalyst and having long contact time at low temperatures 450°C or lower. That is, the unsaturated alcohol can be produced from both terminal diols using cerium oxide as the catalyst. For example, that is suitable for producing 3-butene-1-ol and has industrial significance.