To provide a lithographic printing plate precursor that facilitates image recording with a laser beam and development with a water-based developer solution having a pH of 2.0 to 10.0, prevents contamination in a non-image part and has excellent printing durability.

The lithographic printing plate precursor has a photopolymerizable image recording layer in which an image can be recorded by exposure to a blue laser beam or exposure to an IR laser beam, and a protective layer containing, as a main component, a polymer containing a repeating unit comprising acrylonitrile, on a support, in which an image can be formed by, after imagewise exposure, developing with an aqueous solution having a pH of 2 to 10.